Ngabe usebenza kanjani umsebenzi wokuhweba ekuhwebeni kwe-forex?

Emgogodleni walo, ukuhweba ngezimpahla kuhilela ukuboleka ngemali enenani lenzalo ephansi, bese kutshalwa imali etholwayo ngohlobo lwemali olunikeza inani lenzalo eliphezulu. Injongo? Ukuze uzuze ngokwehlukana kwezinga lenzalo, noma "ukuphatha," phakathi kwezinhlobo zemali ezimbili. Nakuba lokhu kungase kuzwakale kuqondile, ubunkimbinkimbi nezingozi ezihilelekile zikwenza kuphoqeleke ukuba abahwebi be-forex baqondisise kahle izinsimbi kanye nama-nuances wamasu okuhweba okuthwala.

Ukuqonda ubunkimbinkimbi bokuhweba okuthwalayo kubalulekile kubahwebi be-forex ngezizathu eziningana eziphoqayo. Okokuqala, yethula enye indlela yokwehlukahlukana phakathi kwephothifoliyo yomuntu yokuhweba. Okwesibili, ivumela abahwebi ukuthi bakwazi ukwenza imali ngokuhluka kwesilinganiso senzalo kuyilapho ngesikhathi esisodwa beqagela ngokunyakaza kwezinga lokushintshisana. Okokugcina, ezweni lapho ukuntengantenga kuhlale kukhona, uhwebo lwempahla oluqhutshwa kahle lungangenisa imali engashintshi, ngisho nasezimeni zezimakethe ezineziyaluyalu.

Kuyini ukuhweba ngempahla?

Uhwebo lokuthwala, isu eliyisisekelo ekuhwebeni kwe-forex, lusekelwe ekwehlukeni kwezinga lenzalo. Ngendlela yayo elula, ingachazwa njengohlelo lwezezimali lapho abahwebi beboleka khona imali ngohlobo lwemali enenani lenzalo ephansi, bese betshala lezo zimali ngohlobo lwemali olunikeza isilinganiso senzalo esiphezulu. Inhloso lapha ikabili: ukubamba umehluko wesilinganiso senzalo, esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-carry," kanye nethuba lokuzuza ngokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushintshisana.

Umsuka wohwebo lokuthwala ungalandelelwa emuva ezinsukwini zakuqala zezimakethe zemali. Yazuza ukuvelela njengoba izimakethe zezimali zihwebelana emhlabeni wonke, okwenza abahwebi bakwazi ukufinyelela izimali kanye namazinga enzalo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuhweba ngezimpahla kuye kwashintsha futhi kwajwayelana nezimo zemakethe ezishintshayo, kodwa umgomo wawo oyinhloko usalokhu uqinile.

Umnyombo wecebo le-carry trade kukhona umehluko wesilinganiso senzalo phakathi kwezinhlobo zemali ezimbili. Lokhu kwehluka kwakha isisekelo sezinqumo zabathengisi zokuboleka ngemali eyodwa bese betshala kwenye. Ngamafuphi, i-carry trade isebenzisa ukuhluka kwezilinganiso zenzalo ezibekwe amabhange amakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Abahwebi bafuna ukukhulisa imbuyiselo ngokukhomba amapheya emali lapho izinga lenzalo lisabalala khona lithandeka kakhulu.

Umgomo oyisisekelo wokuhweba ngezimpahla ungafingqwa: ukuboleka ngemali enenzalo ephansi ukuze utshale ohlotsheni lwemali lwenani lenzalo ephezulu. Ngokwenza kanjalo, abathengisi bahlose ukuthola umehluko phakathi kwenzalo ekhokhwayo ekubolekeni kwabo kanye nenzalo ezuzwe ekutshaleni kwabo imali, befaka ephaketheni "imali" njengenzuzo.

Imishini yokuhwebelana

I-Carry trade execution ihilela indlela ye-methodical, ehlanganisa izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile abathengisi okufanele bazi kahle ukuze baphumelele:

1. Ukukhetha ipheya yemali

Isinqumo sokuqala esibalulekile enqubweni ye-carry trade ukukhetha ipheya yemali efanele. Abahwebi ngokuvamile babheka amapheya emali anomehluko omkhulu wezinga lenzalo. Isibonelo, umhwebi angase acabange ukuboleka i-Japanese Yen (JPY) namazinga ayo enzalo ephansi ngokomlando kanye nokutshala imali kumaDola ase-Australia (AUD), enikeza amanani enzalo aphezulu.

2. Ukuboleka imali enenzalo ephansi

Uma ipheya yemali isikhethiwe, umhwebi uboleka imali enenzalo ephansi. Lokhu kuboleka ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngomthengisi we-forex futhi kuhilela ukukhokha inzalo enani elibolekiwe, ngokuvamile elibizwa ngokuthi "izindleko zokuthwala." Esibonelweni sethu, umhwebi uboleka i-JPY.

3. Ukutshala imali emalini enenzalo ephezulu

Njengoba izimali zisesandleni, umhwebi utshala imali enenzalo ephezulu. Kulokhu, umhwebi uzotshala imali ku-AUD. Umgomo uwukuthola inzalo ezikhwameni ezitshaliwe ezedlula izindleko zokuboleka.

4. Ukuqapha nokuphatha uhwebo

Ukuqapha kuwukhiye ekuhwebeni kokuthwala. Abahwebi kufanele baqaphe ngokucophelela amanani enzalo, izinkomba zomnotho, nezimo zemakethe. Ukunyakaza kwezinga lokushintshisana kungaba nomthelela kwezohwebo, ngakho-ke amasu okulawula ubungozi abalulekile. Abahwebi bangase babeke ama-stop-loss orders ukuze balinganisele ukulahlekelwa okungenzeka futhi bathathe ama-oda enzuzo ukuze bakhiye izinzuzo.

Isibonelo somhlaba wangempela: I-JPY/AUD ithwala uhwebo

Ake sithi umhwebi uqala ukuhweba nge-JPY/AUD ngo-2023. Uboleka i-JPY eyisigidi esingu-1 ngenani lenzalo elingu-0.25% futhi ayitshale ku-AUD, ehola u-2.00% wenzalo yonyaka. Umehluko wezinga lenzalo (ukuphatha) ngu-1.75%. Uma amanani okushintshanisa ehlala ezinzile, umhwebi angathola u-1.75% ekutshalweni kwezimali kwe-JPY yakhe kuyilapho ekhokha kuphela i-0.25% yenzalo, okuholela enzuzweni ye-net engu-1.50%.

Lesi sibonelo somhlaba wangempela sibonisa indlela yokwenza umsebenzi wokuhwebelana ngokusebenza, nabahwebi okungenzeka benze inzuzo ngokungafani kwezinga lenzalo phakathi kwezinhlobo zemali. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukushintsha kwemakethe kungashintsha, kwethule ubungozi abathengisi okufanele bazilawule ngokucophelela.

Izici ezinomthelela kwezohwebo

Nakuba ukuhweba ngezimpahla kungaba isu elinenzuzo enkulu, impumelelo yakho incike ezintweni ezihlukahlukene, zonke ezifuna ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela ngabahwebi. Lapha, sihlolisisa izici eziyinhloko ezithonya umphumela wokuhweba ngempahla.

Igebe elikhulu lesilinganiso senzalo phakathi kwezimali ezibolekiwe nezitshaliwe libalulekile ekukhiqizeni inzuzo. Abahwebi bahlose ukuthatha ukusabalala kwezinga lenzalo, okwaziwa ngokuthi "i-carry," njengenzuzo yabo. Uma umehluko uba banzi, iba nkulu inzuzo engaba khona. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlala unake izinqumo zebhange elikhulu kanye nokukhishwa kwedatha yezomnotho okungase kube nomthelela emazingeni enzalo.

Ukuzinza kwezimali kudlala indima ebalulekile empumelelweni yohwebo. Ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushintshisana okungazelelwe nokubalulekile kungase kucekele phansi izinzuzo noma kubangele ukulahlekelwa, ngisho nasekwehlukeni kwesilinganiso senzalo esivumayo. Abahwebi kufanele bahlole ukuguquguquka komlando kwepheya lemali futhi basebenzise amasu okulawula ubungozi ukuze banciphise ubungozi bohlobo lwemali.

Imicimbi yezomnotho neyezwe ingaphazamisa ukuhwebelana. Izehlakalo ezingalindelekile ezifana nezinguquko zenqubomgomo yebhange eliphakathi, ukungazinzi kwezombusazwe, noma izinkinga zomnotho zingaholela ekunyakazeni kwezimali okubukhali. Abahwebi badinga ukuhlala benolwazi futhi baguqule amasu abo ngokufanele, njengoba lezi zenzakalo zingashintsha ngokushesha ukuguquguquka kwemakethe.

Ukuzulazula ngempumelelo emhlabeni oyinkimbinkimbi wokuhweba ngezimpahla, ucwaningo olunzulu nokuhlaziya kubalulekile. Abahwebi kufanele bacwaninge ngenkuthalo izitayela zezinga lenzalo, izinkomba zezomnotho, nentuthuko yezepolitiki. Ukuqonda okuphelele kokubhanqwa kohlobo lwemali olukhethiwe kanye nokuziphatha kwakho komlando nakho kubalulekile. Ukwenza inkuthalo efanele kanye nokuhlala unolwazi kubalulekile ekulawuleni ubungozi kanye nokwandisa imbuyiselo kuqhinga lohwebo.

Izingozi nezinselelo

Ngenkathi isu lokuhweba elithwala linganikeza imivuzo ekhangayo, alinayo ingxenye yalo yezingozi nezinselele. Abahwebi kufanele bazi ngalezi zingozi ezingase zibe khona futhi basebenzise amasu anele okulawula ubungozi ukuze bavikele ukutshalwa kwezimali kwabo.

1. Ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushintshisana

Enye yezingozi ezibaluleke kakhulu ezihlobene nokuhwebelana kwezimpahla ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushintshisana. Izinhlobo zemali zingaphansi kokunyakaza kwentengo okungaguquki okuthonywa izici eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukukhishwa kwedatha yezomnotho, imicimbi yezwe, kanye nomuzwa wemakethe. Ukunyakaza kwemali okungalindelekile kungaholela ekulahlekelweni, okungase kuqede ukuhluka kwesilinganiso senzalo.

2. Izinga lenzalo liyashintsha

Ukushintsha kwezinga lenzalo kungaphazamisa amasu okuhweba. Amabhange amakhulu angalungisa amanani ngokungalindelekile, okunomthelela ekwehlukeni kwezinga lenzalo abahwebi abathembele kukho. Ukuncipha kokusabalala kwezinga lenzalo kunganciphisa inzuzo engaba khona noma kuguqule ukuhweba okunenzuzo kube ukulahlekelwa. Ngakho-ke, abadayisi kumele bahlale benolwazi mayelana nezimemezelo zebhange eliphakathi nezinkomba zezomnotho.

3. Izingozi ze-Liquidity

Ingozi ye-Liquidity ingenye into ekhathaza abadayisi. Amanye amapheya emali angase abe ne-liquidity ephansi, okwenza kube inselele ukwenza uhwebo olukhulu ngaphandle kokuba nomthelela omkhulu kusilinganiso sokushintshisana. I-Illiquidity ingaholela ekusheleleni nasebunzimeni bokuphuma ezikhundleni ngamanani afiswayo, okungase kukhuphule izindleko zokuhweba.

Ukunciphisa izingozi

diversification: Sabalalisa ubungozi kuwo wonke amapheya ezinhlobo zemali eziningi ukuze unciphise ukuchayeka ekuguquguqukeni kohlobo lwemali olulodwa.

Ukusetha ama-stop-loss orders: Sebenzisa imiyalo yokuyeka ukulahlekelwa ukuze ukhawulele ukulahlekelwa okungaba khona uma kwenzeka umnyakazo wentengo ongemuhle.

Ukuqapha njalo: Hlala unolwazi mayelana nemicimbi yezomnotho, izinguquko zenani lenzalo, kanye nentuthuko ye-geopolitical ukulungisa amasu njengoba kudingeka.

Ukuqotshwa: Sebenzisa amasu okuvimba njengezinketho noma izinkontileka zokudlulisela phambili ukuze uvikele ekunyakazeni kwezinga lokushintshisana okungafanele.

Usayizi wesikhundla: Lawula usayizi wezikhundla ngokuhlobene nosayizi we-akhawunti ukuze ulawule ubungozi ngempumelelo.

Ngokubona kanye nokubhekana nalezi zingozi nezinselele, abadayisi be-forex bangathuthukisa ikhono labo lokwenza amasu okuhweba ngempumelelo ngenkathi bevikela imali yabo.

Izinzuzo zohwebo lokuthwala

Kubathengisi be-forex abafuna ukwandisa i-repertoire yabo, isu lokuhweba lokuthwala linikeza inqwaba yemivuzo engaba khona.

1. Ukuthola umehluko wenzuzo

Umnyombo wesu le-carry trade kukhona ukuyenga kokuzuza okuhlukile kwenzalo, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-carry." Ngokuboleka izimali ngohlobo lwemali lwezinga lenzalo ephansi nokuzitshala ohlotsheni lwemali lwezinga lenzalo ephezulu, abadayisi bangakwazi ukufaka ephaketheni umehluko wezilinganiso zenzalo njengenzuzo. Lokhu kugeleza kwemali engenayo okungaguquki kungaba isiphakamiso esikhangayo emhlabeni lapho amanye amathuba okutshala izimali angase anikeze izinzuzo eziphansi.

2. Amasu okuhweba ahlukahlukene

Ukuhlukahluka kuyisimiso esibalulekile ekulawuleni ubungozi, futhi ukuhweba ngempahla kunikeza indlela eyingqayizivele yokukufeza lokho. Ngokufaka ama-trade trades kumaphothifoliyo abo, abathengisi bangakwazi ukuhlukanisa amasu abo okuhweba. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kusiza ukusabalalisa ubungozi futhi kungamelana nezinye izindlela zokuhweba, njengokuhlaziya kobuchwepheshe noma okuyisisekelo.

Isiphetho

Sengiphetha, isu le-Care trade ekuhwebeni kwe-forex limele ithuba eliphoqayo labathengisi ukuthi basebenzise umehluko wesilinganiso senzalo futhi bakwazi ukukhiqiza imali engenayo engashintshi. Njengoba siphetha ukuhlola kwethu lelisu, nazi izinto ezibalulekile okufanele sizikhumbule:

I-Carry trade ihlanganisa ukuboleka ngemali enenzalo ephansi ukuze utshale ohlotsheni lwemali lwezinga lenzalo ephezulu, okuhloswe ngalo ukwenza inzuzo ngokwehlukana kwesilinganiso senzalo noma "ukuthwala."

Abahwebi bakhetha amapheya emali, baboleka imali enenzalo ephansi, batshale imali enenzalo enkulu, futhi baqaphe ngokucophelela futhi baphathe ukuhweba.

Ukwehluka kwezinga lenzalo, ukuzinza kohlobo lwemali, kanye nemicimbi yezomnotho/yezwe yizici ezibalulekile ezithonya impumelelo yohwebo.

Ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushintshisana, ukushintsha kwezinga lenzalo, kanye nobungozi bemali yezimali yizingibe ezingaba khona abathengisi okufanele bazinciphise ngokulawula ubungozi ngobuhlakani.

Ukuheha kokuzuza okuhlukile kwenzalo, amasu okuhweba ahlukahlukene, kanye nokuzuza izinzuzo eziqinile kuheha abahwebi ukuthi baphathe amasu okuhweba.

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukusondela ekuhwebeni ngokuqapha nangolwazi. Nakuba imivuzo engaba khona iheha, izingozi zingokoqobo. Abahwebi kufanele bacwaninge kahle, bahlale benolwazi, futhi basebenzise amasu asebenzayo okulawula ubungozi. I-Carry trade akuyona indlela eqinisekisiwe yokuthola inzuzo, futhi impumelelo idinga ukuqonda okujulile kokuguquguquka kwemakethe, isiyalo, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo.

Njenganoma yiliphi isu lokuhweba, uhambo lokuhwebelana kufanele luphawulwe ngokuzibophezela ekufundeni okuqhubekayo kanye nokulungela ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zemakethe eziguqukayo. Ngokwenza kanjalo, abahwebi bangakwazi ukuzulazula ebunzimeni be-carry trade ngokuzethemba nangekhono.