Yazi konke mayelana ne-forex hedging

Forex hedging ingaphezu nje isu; iyisihlangu ngokumelene nokuntengantenga okungokwemvelo kwemakethe ye-forex. Ukuqonda ukuvikela kubaluleke kakhulu kubahwebi namabhizinisi ngokufanayo, njengoba kunikeza izindlela zokuvikela ukutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa okungaba khona. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumhwebi ngamunye ohlose ukuvikela imali yakho enkulu noma inkampani yamazwe ngamazwe ehweba ngamazwe ngamazwe, ukubamba izinto eziyisisekelo zokuvikela kungaba ukhiye wokuzulazula endaweni engalindelekile yokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe.

Iyini i-forex hedging?

I-Forex hedging iyindlela yamasu yokulawula ubungozi esetshenziswa abahwebi namabhizinisi asebenza ezimakethe zemali. Emqondweni wakho, ukuvikela kubandakanya ukuthatha izinyathelo zamabomu ukulungisa noma ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa okungaba khona okubangelwa ukunyakaza kwamanani okungekuhle emakethe yokushintshisana ngemali yangaphandle. Kuyindlela esebenzayo efuna ukuvikela izintshisekelo zezezimali ekuguquguqukeni kohlobo lwemali okungekuhle.

Emhlabeni wokuhweba ngemali, ubungozi buhlala bukhona. Amanani okushintshanisa angaphansi kokuguquguquka ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa imicimbi yezomnotho, ukuthuthuka kwezwe, kanye nomuzwa wemakethe. I-Forex hedging iklanyelwe ukunciphisa le ngozi ngokudala isimo esiphikisayo noma ukusebenzisa amathuluzi ezezimali agudlukela ngokuphambene nokuchayeka okuyinhloko. Ngokwenza kanjalo, abahwebi namabhizinisi bahlose ukunciphisa umthelela wokunyakaza kwezinga lokushintshisana okubi, ukuqinisekisa umphumela obikezelwayo wemizamo yabo yezezimali.

Izinjongo zokuvikela emakethe ye-forex ziningi. Okokuqala, ihlose ukuvikela ukutshalwa kwezimali ekulahlekeni okungase kube khona, ukuqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwezimali. Okwesibili, i-hedging ivumela abahwebi namabhizinisi ukuthi balondoloze isimo sezimali esizinzile lapho bebhekene nezimakethe zemali eziguquguqukayo. Ukwengeza, inganikeza ukuzethemba okudingekayo ukuze uhlanganyele ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe, wazi ukuthi ubungozi bemali bulawulwa ngokuphumelelayo. Okokugcina, amasu okuvikela angathuthukisa ukuhlelwa kwezimali kanye nesabelomali, abe neqhaza ekubikezeleni okunembe kakhudlwana nezinqubo zokwenza izinqumo.

FX amasu hedgings

I-Forex hedging inikeza amasu anhlobonhlobo, ngalinye lihambisana nezidingo ezithile zokulawula ubungozi. Nazi izindlela ezintathu ezisetshenziswa kakhulu:

Phambili izinkontileka: Inkontileka yokudlulisela phambili isivumelwano esiphakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili zokushintsha inani elishiwo lohlobo lwemali eyodwa kwenye ngedethi yesikhathi esizayo enqunywe kusengaphambili nezinga lokushintshisana. Leli su lihlinzeka ngokuqiniseka emazingeni okushintshaniswa kwemali, okulenza libe ithuluzi elibalulekile lamabhizinisi abandakanyekayo ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe.

Izinketho: Izinketho zohlobo lwemali zinikeza umnikazi ilungelo, kodwa hhayi isibopho, sokuthenga noma ukuthengisa ipheya yohlobo lwemali ngenani elinqunywe kusengaphambili (inani lesimangalo) phakathi nesikhathi esishiwo. Izinketho zinikeza ukuguquguquka futhi zingasetshenziswa ukuvikela ukunyakaza kwesilinganiso sokushintshaniswa okungalungile kuyilapho uvumela ithuba lokuzuza ekuhambeni okuhle.

Ukushintshaniswa kwemali: Ukushintshaniswa kohlobo lwemali kubandakanya ukushintshaniswa kwezinkokhelo eziyinhloko kanye nenzalo ngohlobo lwemali olulodwa ngamanani alinganayo kolunye uhlobo lwemali. Leli su livamise ukusetshenziswa izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ukuphatha ukuvezwa kwemali yesikhathi eside, njengezikweletu noma ukutshalwa kwezimali.

Izinzuzo nezingozi zesu ngalinye

Phambili izinkontileka: Okuhle kufaka phakathi isiqiniseko sezinga kanye nokuvikelwa ekunyakazeni okungalungile kwezinga lokushintshisana. Kodwa-ke, abanakho ukuguquguquka njengoba izinga lokushintshisana lilungisiwe, okungase kubangele amathuba enzuzo aphuthelwe uma amanani enyakaza kahle.

Izinketho: Izinzuzo zihlanganisa ukuguquguquka kanye nengozi ephansi elinganiselwe (i-premium ikhokhiwe). Nokho, izinketho ziza nezindleko (premium), ezingacekela phansi inzuzo uma imakethe iziphatha kahle. Futhi zidinga ukuqonda okuhle kwamanani okukhethwa kukho.

Ukushintshaniswa kwemali: Izinzuzo zihlanganisa ukuguquguquka kanye nekhono lokuphatha ukuchayeka kwesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, zingase zibandakanye imibhalo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi zingase zingalungeli izidingo zokubiyela zesikhashana.

Izibonelo zokuthi isu ngalinye lingasetshenziswa kanjani ngempumelelo

Cabanga ngenkampani yase-US ethumela izimpahla eYurophu futhi ilindele ukukhokhelwa ngama-euro ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Ukuvikela ekwehleni okungenzeka kwe-euro, inkampani ingakwazi:

 Ngokungena kwinkontileka yokudlulisela phambili yokuthengisa ama-euro ngenani elinqunywe kusengaphambili, inkampani iqinisekisa ukuthi izothola inani elaziwayo ngamadola kungakhathaliseki izinga lokushintshanisa imali ngesikhathi sokukhokha.

Kungenjalo, inkampani ingathenga inketho yohlobo lwemali eyivumela ukuthi ithengise ama-euro ngenani elithile uma i-euro iba buthaka. Lokhu kunikeza isivikelo ngenkathi kuvumela ukubamba iqhaza ezinzuzweni ze-euro.

Ngokuchayeka isikhathi eside, njengokuxhasa inkampani ephethwe yi-European, inkampani ingase isebenzise ukushintshaniswa kwemali ukuze ilawule izilinganiso zenzalo kanye nengcuphe yemali esikhathini eside.

Hedging meaning in forex

Kumongo wemakethe ye-forex, i-hedging isho umkhuba wamasu okuhloswe ngawo ukunciphisa noma ukulungisa ubungozi obuhlobene nokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushintshanisa imali. Kuyindlela esebenzayo lapho abathengisi namabhizinisi bethatha izinyathelo zamabomu ukuze bavikele izikhundla zabo kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali ekunyakazeni imali engafanele. Ukuvikela akukhona mayelana nezinzuzo ezicatshangelwayo kodwa kunalokho kumayelana nokuvikela inani lezimpahla nokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwezezimali.

Ukubiyela ku-forex kubandakanya ukuvula izikhundla eziphambene nezikhundla ezikhona noma ezilindelwe zemakethe. Isibonelo, uma umhwebi elindele ukuthi inani lepheya lemali ethile linciphe, angangena endaweni yokubiyela ezuza kulokhu kwehla okulindelekile. Ngale ndlela, uma isikhundla sabo esiyinhloko sidala ukulahlekelwa ngenxa yokunyakaza kwemakethe okungalungile, indawo yokubiyela ingase iqede lokho kulahlekelwa.

Indima eyinhloko yokubiyela emakethe ye-forex ukunciphisa ubungozi. Ngokusebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene okuvikela, abahwebi namabhizinisi bangakha isivikelo esizungeze izithakazelo zabo zezezimali. I-Hedging ifana nokuba nenqubomgomo yomshwalense ngokumelene nezimo zemakethe ezingezinhle. Ihlinzeka ngezinga lokubikezela endaweni eguquguqukayo, iqinisekisa ukuthi ukulahlekelwa kukhawulelwe noma kulawulwa.

Ukuvimbela ubungozi bokushintshaniswa kwemali yakwamanye amazwe

Ingozi yokushintshisana kwamazwe angaphandle, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi ingozi yohlobo lwemali, iyinselele ekhona ebhizinisini lamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuhweba kwangaphambili. Kuvela ekuguquguqukeni okungaba khona kumazinga okushintshanisa imali phakathi kwezinhlobo zemali ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, okuthinta inani lezimpahla zezimali, izikweletu, noma okwenziwayo. Le ngozi ingaholela enzuzweni noma ekulahlekelweni okungalindelekile lapho usebenzisana nezimali zakwamanye amazwe.

I-Forex hedging idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni nasekunciphiseni ubungozi bokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe. Ngokusebenzisa amasu okuvikela, abantu ngabanye kanye namabhizinisi bangazivikela ngempumelelo ekunyakazeni kwezimali okungekuhle. Isibonelo, uma inkampani ingenisa izimpahla zisuka phesheya futhi kufanele ikhokhe ngemali yangaphandle ngedethi ezayo, ingasebenzisa amathuluzi okuvikela afana nezinkontileka zokudlulisela phambili ukukhiya inani lokushintshisana, iqinisekisa ukuthi izindleko zihlala zibikezelwa. Ngokuphambene, uma inkampani ilindele ukuthola izinkokhelo ngemali yangaphandle, izinketho zingasetshenziswa ukuze kuvikelwe ukwehla kwenani lemali okungekuhle.

Izinkampani eziningi zamazwe ngamazwe zisebenzisa i-forex hedging ukuvikela izintshisekelo zazo zezezimali. Isibonelo, inkampani yezobuchwepheshe ezinze e-US esebenza emhlabeni wonke ingase isebenzise uthango ukuze inciphise ubungozi bokuguquguquka kohlobo lwemali okunomthelela emalini engenayo yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokufanayo, inkampani yezindiza ethenga izindiza kumkhiqizi wase-Europe ingase ingene ekushintsheni imali ukuze ilawule ukuchayeka kwayo ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushintshisana. Lezi zibonelo zomhlaba wangempela zibonisa ukuthi i-forex hedging iyithuluzi elibalulekile ezinkampanini ezihwebayo eziwela imingcele, eziqinisekisa ukuzinza nokubikezela endaweni ye-forex eguquguqukayo.

Izinzuzo forex hedging

Ukufaka amasu okuvikela ekuhwebeni kwakho kwe-forex noma emisebenzini yebhizinisi kunikeza inqwaba yezinzuzo:

Ukunciphisa ingozi: Inzuzo eyinhloko yokubiyela yikhono lokunciphisa noma lokulawula ukulahlekelwa okungaba khona okubangelwa umnyakazo wemali ongemuhle. Lokhu kunciphisa ubungozi kunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo nokuphepha kwezezimali.

Ukugeleza kwemali okubikezelwayo: Emabhizinisini ahweba ngamazwe ngamazwe, i-forex hedging iqinisekisa ukuthi ukugeleza kwemali kuhlala kubikezelwa, okuvumela ukuhlelwa kwesabelomali okunembe kakhudlwana nokuhlelwa kwezimali.

Ukulondolozwa kwemali: Abahwebi bangakwazi ukuvikela imali yabo ekulahlekeni okukhulu, okubenza bakwazi ukuhlala emakethe futhi baqhubeke nokuhweba ngisho nangezikhathi eziguquguqukayo.

Ukuzethemba okukhulu: Amasu okuvikela anikeza umuzwa wokuzethemba nokuzinza, okungaba semqoka kakhulu lapho kubhekwa izimo zemakethe ye-forex ezingalindelekile.

Ukuguquguquka kuyisici esingokwemvelo semakethe yemali, okuyenza ibe lula ekuguqukeni kwentengo kungazelelwe nokubalulekile. I-Forex hedging isebenza njengesihlangu ngokumelene nalokhu kuguquguquka. Abahwebi bangangena ezindaweni zokubiyela ezisusa ukulahlekelwa okungaba khona okuvela ekuhambeni kwezimakethe okungekuhle. Amabhizinisi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, angakwazi ukuvikela izilinganiso zokushintshanisa ngemali yesikhathi esizayo, azivikele ekuguquguqukeni kwezimali okungekuhle. Ngokwenza kanjalo, bobabili abahwebi namabhizinisi bakuhlomele kangcono ukubhekana nezinxushunxushu zemakethe yesimo sezulu futhi bazulazule ku-forex landscape ngokuzethemba.

Izingozi Nezinselele

Nakuba i-forex hedging inikeza izinzuzo eziningi, kubalulekile ukuvuma nokuqonda izithiyo nezinselele ezingaba khona:

Izindleko: Amasu okuhlanganisa ngokuvamile ahlanganisa izinkokhelo, amaphrimiyamu, noma ukusabalalisa, okungadla inzuzo. Kubalulekile ukukala izindleko zokubiyela ngokumelene nezinzuzo ezingaba khona.

Over-hedging: Ukubiyela ngokweqile kungaholela emathubeni enzuzo aphuthelwe. Ukuthola ibhalansi efanele phakathi kokuvikela kanye nokwenza inzuzo kuyinselele.

Isikhathi semakethe: Ukubikezela ngokunembile ukunyakaza kwemakethe kuyinselele. Ukubiyela kusenesikhathi noma sekwephuze kakhulu kungaholela emiphumeleni engafanele.

kushuba: Ezinye izinsimbi zokubiyela, njengezinketho nokuphuma kokunye, zingaba yinkimbinkimbi. Ukuntula ukuqonda kungase kubangele amaphutha noma ukulahlekelwa.

Ukuze ulawule ubungozi nezinselelo ezihambisana ne-forex hedging ngempumelelo, cabangela amasu alandelayo:

Ukuhlaziywa kwezindleko zenzuzo: Hlaziya njalo izindleko zokubiyela ngokumelene nokulahlekelwa okungase kube khona. Khetha isu lokubiyela elingabizi kakhulu elihambisana nokubekezelela kwakho ubungozi kanye nezinhloso zokuhweba.

diversification: Hlukanisa iphothifoliyo yakho ukuze unciphise ukuthembela kuqhinga elilodwa lokubiyela. Lokhu kusabalalisa ubungozi futhi kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside.

Imfundo: Chitha isikhathi ekufundeni mayelana nezisetshenziswa ezithile zokubiyela ohlela ukuzisebenzisa. Qonda umakhenikha, izinzuzo, kanye nemikhawulo.

Ukuqapha njalo: Hlala uqapha izindawo zakho zokubiyela futhi uzilungise njengoba izimo zemakethe zishintsha. Gwema ukuzinikela ngokweqile esu elilodwa noma ukuzivalela endaweni yesikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuguquguquka.

Iseluleko sochwepheshe: Funa isiqondiso kochwepheshe be-forex abanolwazi noma abeluleki bezezimali, ikakhulukazi uma usebenza ngamathuluzi okuheja ayinkimbinkimbi.

Isiphetho

Forex hedging akuyona nje isu lokuhweba; iyisihlangu ngokumelene nokuntengantenga okungokwemvelo kwemakethe ye-forex. Ihlinzeka ngokunciphisa ubungozi, ukulondolozwa kwemali, kanye nokuzinza kwezezimali. Ukuqonda nokusebenzisa i-forex hedging kuyisici esibalulekile sokuhweba okunesibopho kanye nokusebenza kwebhizinisi lamazwe ngamazwe. Ivumela abahwebi namabhizinisi ukuthi bavikele izintshisekelo zabo zezezimali futhi bazulazule endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi yezimakethe zemali ngokuzethemba.

Ukuvikela akubuqedi ubungozi ngokuphelele, kodwa kunciphisa umthelela wokuguquguquka okungekuhle kohlobo lwemali. Ibaluleke kakhulu emabhizinisini ahweba ngamazwe ngamazwe, njengoba iwavumela ukuthi ahlele futhi ahlele isabelomali ngokuqiniseka okukhulu. Ngokuqonda ukuguquguquka kwe-hedging, ababambiqhaza bemakethe bangakwazi ukuphatha ubungozi ngempumelelo, bathuthukise ukuzinza kwezezimali, futhi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi emhlabeni oguqukayo wokuhweba we-forex.